In 1583, Emperor Rudolf II of Austria moved his imperial court to Prague and proceeded to transform the city into one filled with astronomers, alchemists, artists, craftsmen, and humanists. He was fascinated with any sort of new knowledge, whether it was in science or the occult. He was also prone to mood swings and wild dreams, and he became unpredictable in his later years. Emperor Rudolf’s relationship with the Jewish community was positive on the whole — he changed laws to allow Jews fair trials and removed restrictions on trade. But he was most fascinated by the chief rabbi of Prague, the Maharal, R’ Yehudah Loewy zt”l, who was known to be well versed in Kabbalistic knowledge and mystical texts.